How Long Does It Take for a Free Gingival Graft to Heal?
Gum Grafting
Gum grafting is a dental surgery which is used to treat gum recession. The gums begin to recede when they pull away from the teeth, exposing the underlying roots. When the roots become exposed, patients are at an increased risk for sensitivity, tooth decay, and loss of bone surrounding the teeth. Gum grafting works by replacing lost tissue around the teeth. This also aids in improving the patient’s oral health.
Periodontist
In most cases, gum grafting surgery is performed by a periodontist. This is a dentist who specializes in gum-related issues. Periodontists in the U.S. receive an additional three years of specialized training following their completion of a four-year dental degree. One of the most common periodontal procedures performed is gum grafting.
Grafting Materials
While there are various materials and gum grafting techniques which can be used, it is common for the periodontist to obtain tissue from the patient’s palate or roof of their mouth. The tissue is then placed in the area where recession is occurring. It is also possible to use donor grafting material which is available for purchase from a licensed bone and tissue bank.
Free Gingival Gum Graft Procedure
Below is a summary of the gum graft surgery procedure:
- The periodontist will use a local anesthesia to numb the teeth and gums within the treatment area. Sedation dentistry may also be offered to the patient to ensure they remain comfortable and relaxed throughout the procedure.
- The periodontist will then make a small incision to create a small flap in the gums. The roots of the teeth will also be thoroughly cleaned.
- Another incision is created on the roof of the mouth. A small piece of inner tissue is removed while the outer layer of tissue remains intact. The site is then closed with sutures. This step is skipped if donor tissue is used.
- The gum graft is then strategically placed over the area of recession where the roots are exposed.
- Lastly, the surgeon will reposition the gum tissue and use stitches to permanently secure it in place.
In most cases, the surgeon will check on the gum graft about a week after the procedure is completed. Patients will then have routine follow-ups with the periodontist until they are released back to the general dentist.
Recovery and Healing
Below is a summary of general expectations regarding the recovery and healing from a gum grafting procedure.
Day One
Patients will likely experience some bleeding, swelling, and discomfort immediately following the procedure. Patients should be diligent in taking prescribed medications in order to manage side effects. It is important to rest and avoid strenuous activities for at least 24 hours. Focus on consuming cool, soft foods which may include smoothies, yogurt, and pudding. Use an antibacterial mouthwash to keep the surgical area clean. Avoid brushing and flossing near the gum graft site as it can cause failure. The other teeth in the mouth can be brushed and flossed as needed.
First Week
Within about 24 hours to 48 hours, the bleeding should stop. It is normal for the swelling to continue for a few more days. Bruising can also develop within the first week. Swelling and bruising are normal and should subside within about a week. Medications should be taken as prescribed. Patients can also introduce additional soft foods into their diet such as eggs, pasta, cooked vegetables, and fish. The teeth near the surgical site can be gently brushed, but patients must avoid directly brushing the gums. Do not floss or brush near the gum graft site until receiving clearance from the surgeon.
Second Week
Any swelling, bruising, and discomfort should subside. Patients should work with their surgeon to determine when to start decreasing their prescribed medication. Additional solid foods can be slowly incorporated as the patient is comfortable. Hard, crunchy, and spicy foods should be avoided until the surgeon gives clearance. Normal brushing and flossing can resume once patients receive approval from the surgeon.
Summary
The healing process is very individualized, and each patient heals differently. Recovery from the gum graft procedure will typically take about one or two weeks. The recovery may take longer depending on the number of areas which were treated.
Contact the office today to schedule a consultation with the periodontist. During the consultation, the dental team can review the procedure, recovery time, and answer any questions the patients may have.
